Breviary (fragmented)

Sweden, 15th century

mixed

186 leaves

190 × 135 mm

Latin

1 (ff. 1r–1v, 3r–14v) Proper of time (fragmented)

Incipit: [mut.] Castissimum marie virginis vterum

Explicit: quia hic est vere propheta qui venturus est in mundum psalmus Magnificat et cetera

Note:

Almost the whole Proper of time is missing on account of lost quires and pages.

ff. 1r–1v contains readings, probably for the First and Second Saturday after Epiphany. They are excerpts from sermons by Ps. Augustine and Ps. Maximus.

ff. 3r–3v contain readings for the feast De prophetis (the beginning is missing); ff. 3v–5v contain readings from Ezek. 2-7 for Sundays and weekdays; ff. 5v–14v contain readings and collects for the twenty-five Sundays after Trinity. Despite the inserted dummy-leaves no text is missing between f. 3 and f. 4 nor between f. 13 and f. 14.

On f. 14v two texts have been added in different contemporary hands. The first contain instructions on how to procede if there are more than twenty-five sundays after Trinity, the second on how to celebrate the Octave for St Andrew.

2 (ff. 15ra–24v, 2r–2v, 25r–148v) Proper of saints (fragmented)

Rubric: In vigilia beati andree apostoli si dominica fuerit legatur omelia dominicalis alioquin de vigiliis Secundum Iohannem

Incipit: In illo Stabat Iohannes et ex discipulis eius duo (John 1:35)

Explicit: nec prius dignum iudicauit cetu ecclesie donec publicam ageret penitentiam Tu autem domine

Note:

The Proper of saints begins with the Vigil for St Andrew and ends with St Linus.

The bottom part of f. 148vb is damaged making it impossible to ascertain that the text for St Linus is complete.

An unknown number of leaves are missing after f. 24v, which contains the readings for the third nocturn for St Anne (9 Dec.). The Proper continues on f. 2r, which should precede f. 25r, with the end of the feast of the Purification (2 Feb.). All feasts between 9 Dec. and 2 Febr. are thus missing.

No loss of text between f. 30 and f. 31 despite inserted dummy-pages.

On f. 40v the Proper of saints ends after what seems to be the fourth reading for St Ambrose (4 April). It is followed by the Common for one martyr in two versions depending on the degree of solemnity. The proper continues on f. 41 with Sts Tiburtius and Valerianus (14 Apr.). Notable feasts:

ff. 23r–24v: St Anne (9 Dec.);

ff. 70v–71r: St Botvid (28 July);

ff. 108r–108v: Feast for the relics;

ff. 116v–120r: St Birgitta (7 Oct.).

3 (ff. 149ra–150r) Office of the Virgin Mary

Rubric: In commemoracione beate marie virginis ad uesperas super psalmos feriales antiphona

Incipit: Stella maria maris paris expers nos tuearis

Explicit: sis post luctus terminum mitis consolatrix collecta concede nos et cetera

Edition: AH 5, no. 21.

4 (ff. 150ra–150va) Suffrages

Rubric: Hic notatur suffragia que habenda sunt in sabbatis de patronis primo in vesperis de sancto laurencio per antiphona

Incipit: Que martir gloriose

Explicit: versus Ora pro nobis collecta omnipotens sempiterne de reliquis sicut in vesperis

Note: Two sets of suffrages each, for Saturdays and Christmas, for St Lawrence, St Erik, St Henrik and the relics.

5 (ff. 150v–159r) Readings

Rubric: De beata virgine in sabbatis legenda Sermo beati augustini Sabbato primo

Incipit: Adest nobis dilectissimi dies venerabilis virgini dedicatus

Note: This sections contains sermons by Augustine, Jerome, Bernhard of Clairvaux, Maximus and Fulbert of Chartres. There are quite a few agreements with the readings in Breviarium Upsalense (printed) 1496 as regards the texts on 150v-154v.

6 (ff. 159rb–172v) Common of saints

Rubric: IN vigila vnius apostoli ad ix capitulum

Incipit: DDominus (!) sapiencia fundauit terram (Prov. 3:19)

Note:

No text is missing between f. 159 and f. 160 despite the change of hands and the inserted dummy pages.

ff. 159rb–161vb: Common for apostles;

ff. 161vb–164ra: Common for evangelists;

ff. 164ra–165va: Common for one martyr (no text is missing despite the dummy pages inserted between f. 164 and f. 165);

ff. 165va–167rb: Common for many martyrs (no text is missing despite the dummy page inserted between f. 165 and f. 166);

ff. 167Arb–168vb: Common for a confessor and bishop (the text runs uninterrupted from f. 167Av, to the inserted note f. 167B and on to f. 168r, despite the change of hands);

ff. 168vb–169va: Common for a confessor not bishop;

ff. 169va–171va: Common for many confessors (the leaves have become disordered in the conservation process. Correct order: f. 169, f. 171);

ff. 171va–172vb: Common for a virgin (the leaves have become disordered in the conservation process. Correct order: f. 171, f. 170, f. 172, despite the change of hands);

ff. 172va–172vb: Common for many virgins, ends imperfectly.

7 (ff. 173r–173v) Office for the Maccabees

Rubric: ordinaliter habentur[--- 2 chars ---]

Incipit: Reconcilietur vobis nec vos deferat (2 Macc. 1:5)

Explicit: versus Et nunc clamemus in ce⟨lum⟩ et mise⟨rebitur⟩ nos Dominus noster

Note: ff. 174r–174v: blank.

8 (ff. 175ra–177vb) Readings (fragmented)

Incipit: [mut.] Spiritus quoque leuauit me (Ezek. 3:14)

Explicit: pestia et fames intrinsecus (Ezek. 7:15) Tu autem domine

Final rubric: Expliciunt legende de tempore per estatem In dominicis et feriis

Note: The beginning of this part is missing.

9 (ff. 177vb–185vb) Readings (fragmented)

Rubric: Incipiunt Omelia dominicales et primo Dominica prima post trinitatis Secundum Lucam

Incipit: IN illo tempore dixit ihesus discipulis homo quidam erat diues (Luke 16:19)

Explicit: surdus erraret et mutus Exiens ihesus de finibus [...] fines decapoleos (Mark 7:13) alleluia ⟨V⟩erbum omnia ??

Note: The end of this part is missing. The last text is Bede's homily for the Twelfth Sunday after Trinity on Mark 7:31.

Physical Description

Support

Textblock

Locus: ff. 1r–185v

Support: Western paper

Leaf dimensions: 190/190 × 135/135 mm

Watermark 1

Locus: ff. 33r–159r,

Motif: Leopard/cat, similar to Likhachev 943.

Foliation

Modern foliation in pencil, 1-150, 151 (corrected from 150), 152-160, 161 (corrected from 160), 162-166, 167A, 167B, 168-185. A second modern foliation in pencil in lower left corner and a third in bottom margin, both of which erroneous at times erroneus corrected, see e.g. f. 152r and f. 177r.

Collation

Note: Originally, the manuscript was probably made up of quires of ten leaves, four paper bifolia around one inner parchment bifolium. Fourteen such quires are still extant.

Catchwords: Catchwords still extant. f. 24v  (not in agreement with the following page);  f. 32v ,  f. 42v ,  f. 62v , f. 72v, f. 82v, f. 92v, f. 102v, f. 112v, f. 132v, f. 142v, f. 152v.

Condition

Textblock

Binding, whole quires and single leaves are missing. Some leaves must have been missing already in the fifteenth century, since leaves with the missing text have been supplied, see e.g. ff. 160r–167Br. The extant quires are loose and the condition of the quires and leaves is poor. The paper is brittle and shows signs of corrosion from the ink. Parts are missing from some leaves, e.g. ff. 1–2, f. 149. A preservation was made in 1974, which is probably when some pages were reinforced and a number of dummy-pages added for support. Some leaves have become unordered in the conservation process and dummy-pages have sometimes been inserted where no leaves are missing, giving the impression that text has been lost, see description in Contents.

Layout

Layout 1

Locus: ff. 1r–172v, 175r–185v

Columns: 2

Written lines: 24–37

Written area: 140/150 × 40/50 mm

Layout 2

Locus: ff. 173r–173v

Columns: 1

Written lines: 22

Written area: 155/155 × 105/110 mm

Script

Textblock

Hand 1

(ff. 1r, 3r–14v)Gothic cursive.

Hand 2

(ff. 2r–2v, 15r–159v, 168r–169v)Gothic cursive.

Hand 3

(ff. 160r–167Br, 172r–172v)Gothic cursiva currens.

Hand 4

(f. 173v)Gothic cursive.

Hand 5

(ff. 175r–176r)Hybrida.

Hand 6

(ff. 176v–177v)Gothic cursive with occasional unlooped ascenders.

Hand 7

(ff. 178r–185v)Gothic cursive, often with unlooped ascenders on ‘l’.

Additions

Textblock

(ff. 1r–172v) Corrections and minor additions throughout in different contemporary hands, see e.g. (ff. 22r–22v), (f. 76r), (f. 123r), (f. 137v).

(f. 14v) Additions by two different hands. The first on how to procede if there are more than twenty-five sundays after Trinity, the second on how to celebrate the Octave for St Andrew.

(f. 172v) Text for the second nocturn added in the lower part of the page.

Decorations

Textblock

Description:

Main text in brown ink. Rubrics in red. Capitals touched in red. (ff. 178r–185v): Red not used

Initials:

Plain initials over two lines in red, some in black, e.g. (f. 10r), (ff. 169r–169v), some with light flourishing in red or brown, e.g. (f. 10r) (f. 116v), (f. 177v). A few hanging ‘I’s and ‘P’s and ‘F’s with descenders along the column, e.g. (f. 148r), with flourishing (f. 49v). (f. 36v): Plain initial ‘I’ in red over three lines with flourishing extending above and below along the column. (ff. 117r–119r): Four plain initials in both black and red with flourishing.

Binding

Description:

No binding.

History

Origin

Probably from Sweden, 15th century.

Provenance

The inclusion of the feast for the relics of Uppsala cathedral,  ff. 108ra–108va , suggest that the breviary was intended for the diocese of Uppsala. A former librarian has suggested a church in Sigtuna, see f. Note_1r.

Acquisition

Bought together with a similar manuscript, A 102, at the Kyckerström auction in Uppsala 28 March 1855, according to notes in the library archives, see Note_1r. It was listed as item no. 6 and cost 1 RB 1 b skr Bko.