Missal

Germany, Bavaria, 1000, circa

Parchment

i, 373, i' leaves

270 × 225–235 mm

Latin

Summary:

The text appears to be an early form of missal which includes the Station churches in Rome in the rubrics (beginning and ending with St Maria Maggiore, f. 12v and f. 233v). The text on ff. 11r–284v agrees to large extent to the content and order of the text in the Gregorian Sacramentary Cambrai Bibliothéque Municipale MS 164 from the early 9th century, but with added Bible readings and antiphons, cf. Deshusses (1971), pp. 99–295, 303–334. The Proper of Time is followed by a Proper of Saints, which ends in November, after which a set of prayers for Advent introduces a collection of prayers, blessings and related texts. The final text in the manuscript is a Proper of Time, beginning with Pentecost, it contains no mention of Station churches and with formularies only for Sundays, Wednesdays, and sometimes Fridays.

1 (ff. 1r–3v) Calendar

Note:

The calendar is not complete. It begins with the Seven Virgins (9 Apr.) and ends with St Sylvester (31 Dec.).

For a complete transcription and discussion, see Tüchle (1978), pp. 202–208.

Notable feasts:

f. 1rb: Sts Gordianus and Epimachus (10 May);

f. 1vb: St Ulric (4 July);

f. 2rb: St Afra (7 Aug.);

f. 2va: St Magnus (6 Sep.);

f. 3ra: St Gallus (15, 16 Oct.);

f. 3ra: St Columbanus (24 Oct.);

f. 3ra: St Pirminus (3 Nov);

f. 3rb: St Fridolin (15 Nov.);

f. 3rb: St Otmar (16 Nov.).

2 (f. 4r) Prayers for St Mark

Incipit: ⟨D⟩EUS QUI BEATVM MARCVM EVANGELISTAM TVVM EVANGElice predicationis gratia sublimasti

Explicit: atque pontifice tuo marco plena uirtute consequamur P

3 (ff. 4v–10r) Ordo and Canon missae

Rubric: ~~IN NOMINE DOMINI INC~~ IN NOMINE DOMINI INCPIT LIBER SACRAMENTORVM DE CIRCULO ANNI EXPOSITVS A SANCTO GREGORIO PAPA ROMANO EDITVS EX AUTHENTICO LIBRO BIBLIOTHECAE CV⟨BICU⟩LI SCRIPTUS QVALITER MISSA ROMANA CELEBRATVR

Incipit: HOC EST INPRIMIS INTROITVS

Explicit: AGNUS DEI QUI TOLLIS PECCATA MUNDI MISERERE NOBIS

Note: f. 7r: Canon.

4 (ff. 10r–10v) Prayers for the Virgin Mary

Rubric: IN ADNVNTIATIONE SANCTAE MARIAE

Incipit: OMNIPOTENS SEMPER BEATUS QVI COETERNUM TIBI FILII HODIE PRO mundi salute

Explicit: christi filii tui incarnationem cognouimus per passionem eius et crucem ad resurretionis gloriam perducamur Per

Note: After the final line a second contemporary hand has added 8 lines: ‘Hodierne lux diei celebris in matris dei agitur memoria [...] florentis hortus haustro stante porta clausa post et ante’.

5 (ff. 11r–242v) Proper of Time

Rubric: IN VIGILIA NATALIS DOMINI DE DONA

Incipit: HODIE SCIEtis quia ueniet dominus

Explicit: Sic est qui sibi thesaurizat et non est in deum diues (Luke 12:21)

Note:

Leaves in wrong order; the correct order is: f. 149, 151, 150, 152.

The Proper of Time begins with Christmas Eve and ends with Wednesday in the Octave of Pentecost.

The easter mass on ff. 150v–184r includes the Trisagion in Greek and Latin (f. 159v), and instructions for baptism/catechumen. There is also a longer litany on ff. 179v–181v, which inlcludes Sts Gordianus and Epimachus, St Ulric, and St Afra.

6 (ff. 242v–284v) Proper of Saints

Rubric: mense iunio kalende iunii Dedicatio sancti nicomedis

Incipit: ANTIPHONA LAETABITUR IUSTUS DOMINUS QUI NOS BEATI nicomedis martyris tui meritis

Explicit: ut tuo semper auxilio secuta tibi possit deuotione seruire Per

Note: Begins with the Dedication of St Nicomedes (1 June) and ends with (f. 283v) St Andrew (30 Nov.).

7 (ff. 284v–296r) Prayer collection

Rubric: MENSE DECEMBRIO ORATIONES DE ADUENTU DOMINI

Explicit: eorum pariter cottidie auxiliis ab omnibus protegamur aduersis Per dominum

Note:

f. 285v: various prayers;

ff. 285v–287v: pro peccatis;

ff. 287v–290v; orationes cotidiani;

ff. 290v–292v: orationes matutinales, vespertinales;

ff. 292v–293r: orationes cotidianis diebus ad missas;

ff. 293r–296r: common of saints.

8 (ff. 296r–301r) Mass formulary for the entire week

Rubric: DIE DOMINICA DE SANCTA TRINITATE

Incipit: BENEDICTA SIT SANCTA TRINITAS atque indiuisa unitas confitebimur

Explicit: da quesumus eius nos patrocinus ubique protegi in cuius ueneratione hec tuae obtulimus maiestati Per

Note:

f. 296r: dominica: de trinitate;

f. 297r: feria II, Pro peccatis;

f. 298r: feria III, Ad postulanda angelica suffragia;

f. 298v: feria IIII, De sapientia;

f. 299r: feria V, De caritate;

f. 300r: feria VI, De sancta cruce;

f. 300v: Sabbato, De sancta Maria.

9 (ff. 301r–333v) Collection of prayers and masses

Rubric: DE SPIRITUS SANCTI DONO POSTULANDO

Incipit: Antiphona Dum sanctificatus fuero in uobis

Explicit: ALLELUIA Diffusa est gratia in labiis tuis propterea benedixit te deus in eternum

Note:

f. 301r: de spiritus sancti dono postulando;

ff. 301v–307v: various masses;

ff. 308r–311v: missae communis;

ff. 311v–317v: various masses, masses for the sick;

ff. 318v–328v: masses for the dead;

ff. 328v–333v: various prayers, starting with orationes ante cibum;

ff. 331r–332v: prefaces;

ff. 332v–333r: blessings;

ff. 333r–333v: halleluia.

10 (ff. 334r–372v) Proper of Time (continued)

Rubric: DOMINICA I POST PENTECOSTEN

Incipit: DOMINE IN TUA MISERICORDIA speraui exultauit cor meum

Explicit: At illi cogitabant intra se dicentes quia si dixerimus de (Luke 20:5) [mut.]

Note:

Begins with the First Sunday after Pentecost and ends (defectively) on Friday in the Fifteenth Week after Pentecost.

No saints mentioned. Consists of formularies for Sundays and Wednesdays, sometimes Fridays.

Physical Description

Support

Binding/Endleaves

Locus: LCI, f. SL1, SR1, RCI

Support: Paper

Leaf dimensions: 270 × 225 mm

Watermark 1

LCI–SL1/SR1–RCI,

Motif: Beehive and the words TUMBA.

Textblock

Locus: ff. 1–372

Support: Parchment

Leaf dimensions: 270 × 235 mm

Foliation

Modern foliation in pencil. Error in foliation: 1-67, 67a, 68-372.

Collation

Formula: 1(10), 2-18(8), 19(10, lacks 5, 8), 20-34(8), 35(6), 36-38(8), 39(10), 40(8), 41-42(6) , 43-46(8), 47(8, lacks 7)

Note: VisColl collation. The collation of the first quire is tentative. This quire is irregular and may be the result of later manipulation.

Condition

Textblock

Parchment of notably varying thickness, worn and in places, especially in the beginning, stained. The blind ruling has cut through the leaves in places, e.g. f. 161 (second line from the bottom), Several holes in the leaves, e.g. on f. 63, but no loss of text. Text, mainly rubrics, faded in places, e.g. on ff. 4v–5r. Several leaves have had strips cut from them, e.g. f. 273, but seemingly without loss of text. f. 1r: text faded and stained. f. 10r: leaf repaired in the upper corner.

Layout

Columns: 1

Ruled lines: 19–25

Written area: 195 × 155 mm

Note: Blind ruling. Pricking in margins.

Script

Textblock

Hand 1

Carolingian minuscule. Hoffmann (2004), p. 163 gives a description of the script and identifes a second hand on (f. 18v), lines 1-5. Furthermore, on the same page Hoffman identifies addition in the text by 12 different hands from the 11th and 12th centuries. (f. 4r), (f. 10r), (f. 10v): Hand C (Hand A and B reported as main scribal hands); (f. 5v), (f. 6r): Hand D; (f. 6r): Hand E; (f. 7r): Hand F; (f. 9v): Hand G; (f. 10v), (f. 11r): Hand H; (f. 202r): Hand I; (f. 202r): Hand J; (f. 237r): Hand K; (f. 305v): Hand L; (ff. 308r–309v): Hand M; (f. 309v): Hand N.

Additions

Binding/Endleaves

(LCI) Top left corner, in ink by a modern hand: ‘A 139’.

(f. SL1r) In ink by a modern hand, from top to bottom: ‘1734 års Katalog Theol. in 4^o, N^o 16.’; ‘Liber Sacramentorum de Circulo Anni expositus a Sancto Gregorio Papa Romano editus ex authentico libro Bibliothecae cubiculi scriptus qualiter missa Romana celebratur.’; ‘Ifrån ~~10de eller 11te århundradet~~. Ett blad löst.’, above in pencil: ‘9^de århundradets slut (West- 1869)’.

(f. SL1v) Top of page, in brown ink by a modern hand: ‘Efter bl. 149 skall bl. 151 och så bl. 150 följa. Efter fol. 160 saknas något. Efter fol. 370 saknas omkring 12 blad’.

Textblock

(f. 2r) Top left corner, in ink by an early modern hand: ‘Antiphona’ (this note is also found on f. 4r).

(ff. 1r–372v) There are numerous additions in the manuscript both by contemporary hands and later medieval hands. Additions by contemporary hands are spread out through most of the manuscript, both interlinear and in the margins, e.g. on f. 295v: in black in the text or between lines; ff. 302v–303r, ff. 326v–327r: in the top margin; f. 320rv: correction between the lines and in the margins; Example of additions by later hands are found on: f. 2r addition in the margin by a 14th century hand, notes from the dedication of the church in Weihern 1342); f. 3v, f. 5r, f. 15r longer additions in the margins; ff. 331v–332v: erasure and additions by a later hand.

Decorations

Textblock

Description:

Main text in brown ink, rubrics in red, capitals in red in some places.

ff. 4v–5v: Display script in brown, red and gold ink, interchanging lines, covering the full pages.

Initials:

f. 6v: ‘UD’ (Vere dignum). White wine stem monogram placed in a quadrangular thin frame, outlined in red ink and accompanied by red script inside the frame. Ca 14 cm wide and high. The wine stem is twined around a central cross.

f. 7r: TE IGITVR. A large outlined straight T, placed in a quadrangular frame with a letter e to the right (Te) and a G to the left. Below the G is an I and a second T and below the E is a V, followed by an unaccomplished R. White wine stems and quadrilobes connect the letters. Red text above, below and to the right of the composition.

f. 11r: decorated initial ‘H’ over 6 lines. The leter is painted in red, green and blue, and decorated with greenish vine-stems and quadrilobes. Below, the abbreviation for ‘deus’ is painted in the same style, with the ‘D’ over 9 lines, an abbreviation line, and an ‘S’ over 3 lines.

f. 11v: decorated initial P over 10 lines. The initial is outlined in red and deocrated with vine-stems. Some of the enclosed space is filled in with a purplish blue. The leter is enclosed in a frame, which is red on three sides, and gold and green on the fourth side.

ff. 11r–18v (24-26 Dec.), f. 65v (Quadragesima), f. 125r (Palm Sunday), f. 161r (Exultet), f. 162v (Orationes), f. 174v (Benedictio salis), f. 184r (Holy Saturday), f. 185v (Easter Sunday), and f. 334r (Pentecost): decorated initials over 3 lines (and extending below the line). The initials are outlined in red and decorated with penwork details and foliage ornaments. Enclosed space or background often in a purplish blue.

ff. 6r–372v: plain initials over 1-3 lines in red.

Miniature:

f. 7v: Full-page miniature of the crucified Christ. He is dressed in a long robe, has long hair and a cross halo. The cross has a second crossbar or plaque on top. Beneath Christ's feet stands a chalice. The motif is outlined in dark ink and coloured with touches of red and gold; it is surrounded by a thin double frame, the outer frame in gold and the inner in red.

f. 9r: Half-page miniature of enthroned Christ and a standing priest. The priest (at left) is standing in a vault/rounded arch, raising a chalice towards the seated Christ at the right side. The priest is wearing a full-length robe, stole and has a short beard. Christ is placed in a rhombic double mandorla at the right side, sitting on an X-shaped throne with lion heads and feet. Christ holds an open book in his left hand and by the right hand he blesses the priest. Christ has long robe, short beard and a cruciform halo. The scene is split in two separate framed sections and outlined in dark ink, coloured with touches of red and gold.

Musical Notation

Textblock

Neumatic notation in campo aperto.

Binding

Description:

Medieval binding. Light brown leather over wooden boards. 4 double raised bands and endbands. 2 hooked brass clasps. Spine, in ink: ‘ANTIPHONA [--- 4 chars ---] ’; ink on label: ‘No 16.’; stamped in godl: ‘A 139’; ink on label: ‘e. 30. 6. 9.’ (this label covers another label); ink on label: ‘16 [--- 5 chars ---] ’.

Binding dimensions: 280 × 265 × 110 mm

Clasps:

Clasps and catch plates decorated with foliate patterns.

Condition: Leather worn and damged. Boards exposed on all sides. Leather on spine detached and binding underneath exposed. Holes from bookworms.

Contemporary: Unknown

History

Origin

Germany, Bavaria, 1000, circa. Hoffmann argues Kempten as place of origin based on the inclusion of Sts Gordianus and Epimachus in the litany (f. 180r) and the dating based on the inclusion of St Ulrich in the calendar and litany (f. 1v and f. 180r), cf. Hoffmann (2004), p. 163.

Provenance

The manuscript belonged to the abby in Thierhaupten during the 12th century and after 1342 it was transferred to the church in Weihern, see Tüchle (1978), pp. 198–199.